Chemically Modified Sago Fly Ash for Pb(II) Removal from Water

The use of agricultural by-products has been widely studied to develop effective and inexpensive adsorbent for heavy metal removal. In this study, sago ( M.sagu ) fly ash (FA) was chemically modified afford an operational Pb (II) elimination from water. Chemical modification carried out via acid-base treatment using NaOH HCl. (MFA) characterized proximate, surface morphology, functional groups' area analyses. effects adsorption parameters, namely, initial concentration, sorbent dosage contact time on the eradication by MFA analyzed in batch experiments with Langmuir Freundlich isotherms. Optimization removal response methodology (RSM) approach. Results revealed that chemical successfully enhanced adsorptive properties (BET area: 231.4 m 2 /g, fixed carbon: 55.83%). exhibits better efficiency (90.8%) compared FA (63.6%) at following condition: concentration (5 ppm), (30 min) agitation speed (150 rpm). fitted well isotherm (R >0.9). RSM study suggested optimum 99.4% conditions: (20 (2 h) (0.6 g/50 mL). results concluded potential condition aqueous environment as a low cost adsorbent, larger scale.